Lineage List

This is a list of active lineages which have been seen in the last year. A complete list of lineages can be found on the Pango designation GitHub and a JSON file containing the equivalent data from this page for the full set of lineages can be downloaded in JSON format here.


Lineage Most common countries Earliest date # designated # assigned Description WHO Name
B United States of America 40.0%, United Kingdom 15.0%, China 8.0%, Mexico 5.0%, Germany 3.0% 2019-12-24 3999 10442 One of the two original haplotypes of the pandemic(and first to be discovered)
B.1 United States of America 47.0%, Turkey 11.0%, United Kingdom 7.0%, Canada 4.0%, France 3.0% 2020-01-01 46223 115393 A large European lineage the origin of which roughly corresponds to the Northern Italian outbreak early in 2020.
B.1.1 United Kingdom 25.0%, United States of America 15.0%, Russia 6.0%, Japan 6.0%, Turkey 5.0% 2020-01-19 22778 51767 European lineage with 3 clear SNPs `28881GA`,`28882GA`,`28883GC`
B.1.1.7 United Kingdom 23.0%, United States of America 20.0%, Germany 9.0%, Sweden 6.0%, Denmark 6.0% 2020-01-19 69634 1118949 UK lineage of concern, associated with the N501Y mutation. More information can be found at cov-lineages.org/global_report.html
B.1.1.28 Brazil 83.0%, Philippines 8.0%, United States of America 3.0%, Paraguay 2.0%, Japan 1.0% 2020-02-10 854 5631 Brazil mostly, absorbed B.1.1.94 and B.1.1.143
P.1 Brazil 58.0%, United States of America 25.0%, Chile 3.0%, Argentina 1.0%, Spain 1.0% 2020-04-07 29942 73647 Alias of B.1.1.28.1, Brazilian lineage with a number of spike mutations with likely functional significance E484K, K417T, and N501Y. Described in https://virological.org/t/genomic-characterisation-of-an-emergent-sars-cov-2-lineage-in-manaus-preliminary-findings/586, from #77
B.1.1.142 United Kingdom 50.0%, Australia 8.0%, Germany 7.0%, United States of America 6.0%, Austria 5.0% 2020-02-24 38 249 Australian lineage
B.1.1.529 United States of America 34.0%, Germany 13.0%, India 9.0%, Turkey 5.0%, Russia 5.0% 2020-04-14 0 7729 South Africa and Botswana lineage, from #343
BA.1.1 United States of America 47.0%, United Kingdom 19.0%, Germany 7.0%, Canada 4.0%, France 2.0% 2020-01-27 104388 973022 Alias of B.1.1.529.1.1, from #360
BA.2 United Kingdom 29.0%, Germany 13.0%, Denmark 12.0%, United States of America 11.0%, France 7.0% 2020-03-28 112178 1209162 Alias of B.1.1.529.2, from #361
BA.2.12.1 United States of America 81.0%, Canada 5.0%, United Kingdom 2.0%, Germany 1.0%, Mexico 1.0% 2020-04-15 39743 276683 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.12.1, USA and Canada lineage, from #499
BM.4.1.1 United States of America 24.0%, India 22.0%, United Kingdom 11.0%, Australia 5.0%, Singapore 4.0% 2022-07-20 35 928 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.75.3.4.1.1, mainly found in India, defined by S:346T
BN.1.2 South_Korea 28.0%, Japan 23.0%, United States of America 7.0%, Thailand 6.0%, Denmark 5.0% 2022-01-24 2344 9557 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.75.5.1.2, Singapore/England, E:D72G
BN.1.3.5 South_Korea 48.0%, Japan 19.0%, United States of America 7.0%, Australia 6.0%, Germany 3.0% 2022-01-02 599 2101 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.75.5.1.3.5 ORF7b:C41W, found mainly in SouthKorea, Japan and USA, from #1516
BA.2.86 South_Africa 34.0%, United States of America 10.0%, Australia 5.0%, Netherlands 5.0%, Germany 4.0% 2023-03-11 28 902 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86, from #2183
BA.2.86.1 Japan 20.0%, United Kingdom 11.0%, United States of America 9.0%, Denmark 8.0%, France 6.0% 2023-01-03 22 9796 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1, ORF1a:K1973R, mostly with C12815T, mainly Europe, from #2236
JN.1 United States of America 33.0%, Canada 8.0%, United Kingdom 8.0%, Spain 6.0%, China 4.0% 2020-01-20 3987 101500 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1, S:L455S, ORF1a:R3821K, ORF7b:F19L, Europe
JN.1.1 United States of America 22.0%, France 18.0%, China 7.0%, Canada 6.0%, United Kingdom 5.0% 2021-07-16 692 21507 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.1, ORF1a:F499L, C11747T, France, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#987
JN.1.1.1 Sweden 29.0%, France 16.0%, United Kingdom 10.0%, United States of America 8.0%, Italy 6.0% 2023-09-25 24 581 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.1.1, S:T572I on C9142T branch, France/Sweden/Poland, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1097
JN.1.1.3 Japan 23.0%, Sweden 20.0%, United Kingdom 14.0%, France 13.0%, United States of America 8.0% 2023-11-04 68 71 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.1.3, S:R346T, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1089
JN.1.1.5 United States of America 27.0%, Brazil 26.0%, Japan 9.0%, France 7.0%, Canada 4.0% 2023-01-29 43 377 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.1.5, S:R346T on C9142T branch, from #2492
KR.1 United States of America 42.0%, Canada 22.0%, South_Korea 7.0%, Japan 6.0%, Australia 5.0% 2024-01-06 10 613 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.1.5.1, S:F456L (22928C), after C28498T, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1253
JN.1.2 United States of America 47.0%, Canada 37.0%, Greece 4.0%, United Kingdom 3.0%, Sweden 1.0% 2023-01-03 43 2408 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.2, S:M1229I, USA/Canada, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1087
JN.1.3 United States of America 30.0%, Netherlands 9.0%, Switzerland 7.0%, Canada 6.0%, United Kingdom 5.0% 2023-03-04 23 451 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.3, ORF8:Q18*, Netherlands
JN.1.4 United States of America 44.0%, Canada 8.0%, South_Korea 7.0%, United Kingdom 5.0%, Denmark 5.0% 2023-02-14 129 44694 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.4, ORF1a:T170I, Denmark/Singapore, from #2381
JN.1.4.1 United States of America 33.0%, Ireland 31.0%, United Kingdom 28.0%, Puerto_Rico 2.0%, Germany 2.0% 2023-11-27 98 186 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.4.1, S:E654V, Ireland, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1175
JN.1.4.2 United States of America 84.0%, South_Korea 4.0%, Canada 3.0%, Puerto_Rico 2.0%, United Kingdom 1.0% 2023-11-17 387 1228 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.4.2, S:N185D, after T18453C, USA, from #2462
JN.1.4.3 United States of America 64.0%, Canada 9.0%, United Kingdom 8.0%, China 4.0%, Australia 2.0% 2023-11-14 36 396 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.4.3, S:T572I, USA, from #2487
KQ.1 United States of America 86.0%, Canada 6.0%, United Kingdom 5.0%, Poland 1.0%, Puerto_Rico 1.0% 2024-01-04 64 837 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.4.3.1, S:R346T, USA from #2487
JN.1.5 Singapore 26.0%, China 16.0%, Japan 10.0%, South_Korea 10.0%, United States of America 9.0% 2023-10-30 539 2928 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.5, ORF1b:V1271T, Singapore/Malaysia/Indonesia, from #2419
JN.1.6 United States of America 57.0%, Switzerland 6.0%, France 5.0%, China 5.0%, Canada 4.0% 2023-10-11 141 1212 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.6, G22627A
JN.1.6.1 Sweden 48.0%, United States of America 20.0%, United Kingdom 18.0%, Spain 4.0%, Germany 4.0% 2023-11-26 34 273 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.6.1, S:R346T, Sweden, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1089
JN.1.7 United States of America 47.0%, United Kingdom 14.0%, Canada 10.0%, Spain 4.0%, Ireland 3.0% 2022-10-18 66 8000 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.7, S:T572I, S:E1150D, USA/France, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1097
JN.1.7.1 United Kingdom 75.0%, United States of America 9.0%, New_Zealand 3.0%, Portugal 3.0%, Canada 2.0% 2023-12-31 21 219 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.7.1, S:R346K, England, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1371
JN.1.7.2 United States of America 38.0%, Canada 18.0%, Chile 11.0%, United Kingdom 9.0%, Argentina 5.0% 2023-12-09 110 840 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.7.2, ORF1b:C1563F, Americas
JN.1.8 United States of America 37.0%, United Kingdom 15.0%, Canada 7.0%, Spain 6.0%, France 4.0% 2023-02-26 110 1919 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.8, ORF7a:T28I
JN.1.8.1 United States of America 72.0%, Canada 17.0%, United Kingdom 2.0%, Japan 1.0%, Spain 1.0% 2023-02-26 96 3796 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.8.1, S:T572I, after A12928G, USA/Denmark, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1097
JN.1.9 United States of America 48.0%, United Kingdom 10.0%, Spain 10.0%, Canada 8.0%, Puerto_Rico 4.0% 2023-10-03 238 2742 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.9, S:Q183H, USA/UK/Canada, from #2410
JN.1.9.1 United Kingdom 63.0%, Australia 7.0%, New_Zealand 7.0%, Ireland 5.0%, Canada 5.0% 2023-12-04 26 349 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.9.1, S:T572I, ORF1a:A3143V, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1097
JN.1.10 United States of America 19.0%, Canada 10.0%, Spain 10.0%, Germany 9.0%, United Kingdom 8.0% 2023-11-07 29 156 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.10, S:T95I, USA/Canada, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1135
JN.1.11 United States of America 31.0%, India 16.0%, Spain 13.0%, Japan 8.0%, Italy 5.0% 2023-12-07 2 839 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.11, S:V1104L, G17334T, India, from #2446
JN.1.11.1 United States of America 22.0%, Canada 15.0%, United Kingdom 12.0%, Japan 11.0%, Spain 11.0% 2023-08-11 17 55807 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.11.1, S:F456L (T22928C), after ORF1a:T2283I, India, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1253
KP.1 United States of America 39.0%, Canada 12.0%, New_Zealand 8.0%, United Kingdom 7.0%, Australia 6.0% 2023-12-30 28 832 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.11.1.1, S:K1086R, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1364
KP.1.1 United States of America 39.0%, Canada 12.0%, Singapore 9.0%, United Kingdom 8.0%, Australia 4.0% 2024-01-27 8 9095 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.11.1.1.1, S:R346T, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1089
KP.2 United States of America 40.0%, Canada 11.0%, United Kingdom 11.0%, Singapore 9.0%, France 3.0% 2023-07-05 7 25088 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.11.1.2, S:R346T on JN.1.11.1 polytomy, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1089
JN.1.13 United States of America 38.0%, Sweden 18.0%, Canada 10.0%, United Kingdom 8.0%, Spain 7.0% 2023-12-10 21 138 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.13, S:A1087S, after C26894T, C25680T, USA, from #2464
JN.1.13.1 United States of America 36.0%, Canada 15.0%, Russia 13.0%, United Kingdom 8.0%, France 5.0% 2023-12-07 241 5501 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.13.1, S:R346T, S:F59S, USA, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals/issues/1386
JN.1.15 United States of America 29.0%, Spain 13.0%, Ecuador 12.0%, United Kingdom 9.0%, Australia 6.0% 2023-11-09 50 638 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.15, S:A688V
JN.1.16 United States of America 33.0%, Canada 12.0%, China 7.0%, United Kingdom 7.0%, Spain 7.0% 2023-07-14 47 25207 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.16, S:F456L (T22928C), from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1253
JN.1.18 United States of America 32.0%, United Kingdom 11.0%, Canada 7.0%, France 4.0%, Japan 4.0% 2023-11-02 134 5633 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.18, S:R346T, directly on JN.1 polytomy, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1089
JN.1.19 United States of America 30.0%, Netherlands 10.0%, United Kingdom 10.0%, Denmark 10.0%, Russia 8.0% 2023-10-02 715 1591 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.19, ORF8:I71V
JN.1.20 South_Korea 44.0%, China 13.0%, United States of America 13.0%, Australia 6.0%, Canada 4.0% 2023-01-02 66 1158 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.20, S:S31F, directly on JN.1 polytomy
JN.1.21 Chile 43.0%, United States of America 23.0%, Austria 4.0%, Switzerland 3.0%, Canada 3.0% 2023-11-08 128 510 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.21, S:H1058Y, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1162
JN.1.22 Canada 32.0%, United States of America 22.0%, United Kingdom 8.0%, Spain 4.0%, Belgium 4.0% 2023-10-22 1541 3090 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.22, ORF1a:S505F, C13019T, from #2465
JN.1.23 Brazil 73.0%, United States of America 15.0%, Canada 3.0%, South_Korea 3.0%, Portugal 2.0% 2024-01-01 48 262 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.23, S:K444R, S:Y453F, ORF1a:A307V, ORF1a:P2144L, Brazil, from #2488
JN.1.24 United States of America 56.0%, United Kingdom 9.0%, Costa_Rica 5.0%, Israel 4.0%, Spain 4.0% 2023-11-10 117 184 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.24, S:C1243F, USA
JN.1.25.1 United Kingdom 31.0%, United States of America 29.0%, India 20.0%, Canada 12.0%, Netherlands 6.0% 2023-12-17 16 51 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.25.1, S:R346T, India
JN.2 Sweden 34.0%, United Kingdom 17.0%, Canada 12.0%, United States of America 8.0%, Japan 5.0% 2022-10-22 111 3974 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.2, ORF1a:Y621C, Europe/North America, from #2284
JN.2.2 Netherlands 43.0%, Germany 12.0%, Turkey 10.0%, United Kingdom 6.0%, Sweden 5.0% 2023-10-27 41 128 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.2.2, S:T572I, N:G25C, ORF1a:L3644F, Netherlands, from #2433
JN.2.5 Canada 82.0%, Brazil 7.0%, United States of America 6.0%, United Kingdom 1.0%, Lithuania 1.0% 2023-10-30 85 780 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.2.5, S:L455S, Canada, USA, Lithuania, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1173
JN.3.2.1 Germany 51.0%, United States of America 9.0%, Switzerland 9.0%, Luxembourg 7.0%, United Kingdom 5.0% 2023-11-07 24 55 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.3.2.1, S:F456V, N:S327L, Germany, from #2445
JN.6 United Kingdom 47.0%, United States of America 9.0%, Lithuania 8.0%, Denmark 7.0%, Finland 4.0% 2023-09-12 36 720 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.6, S:V193L
JN.7 Denmark 68.0%, Slovakia 14.0%, Germany 7.0%, Austria 2.0%, Japan 2.0% 2023-08-14 22 164 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.7, S:G594S, Denmark, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#856
JN.11 Japan 33.0%, Denmark 18.0%, United States of America 13.0%, South_Korea 8.0%, Singapore 6.0% 2023-04-12 78 381 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.11, S:V1104L, Asia, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1303
BA.2.86.2 South_Africa 34.0%, United Kingdom 24.0%, Mauritius 9.0%, Australia 7.0%, United States of America 6.0% 2023-07-24 26 386 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.2, ORF7a:E22D, South Africa/Botswana,from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals/issues/756
JQ.2 South_Africa 56.0%, Canada 14.0%, United Kingdom 14.0%, United States of America 7.0%, Netherlands 3.0% 2023-09-28 5 95 Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.3.2, S:R346T, G2944A, South Africa, from #2505
BA.4.6 United States of America 60.0%, Canada 7.0%, United Kingdom 6.0%, France 3.0%, Denmark 3.0% 2020-02-02 1179 53197 Alias of B.1.1.529.4.6, mainly found in USA, England and Denmark, from #741
BA.5 United States of America 34.0%, Germany 10.0%, United Kingdom 8.0%, France 8.0%, Denmark 4.0% 2020-07-01 2461 32783 Alias of B.1.1.529.5, from #517
BA.5.1.5 United States of America 19.0%, United Kingdom 12.0%, Japan 11.0%, Germany 10.0%, France 6.0% 2022-04-26 180 9957 Alias of B.1.1.529.5.1.5, mainly found in UK, Denmark, and Belgium, from #835
BA.5.1.14 Brazil 88.0%, Chile 5.0%, Spain 2.0%, Peru 2.0%, Italy 2.0% 2022-05-13 29 43 Alias of B.1.1.529.5.1.14, mainly found in Brazil
BA.5.2 Japan 18.0%, United States of America 17.0%, Germany 7.0%, United Kingdom 6.0%, Russia 5.0% 2020-07-02 10665 279169 Alias of B.1.1.529.5.2, mainly found in South Africa, England and USA, from #551
BF.2 Japan 21.0%, France 18.0%, Denmark 16.0%, United Kingdom 8.0%, United States of America 7.0% 2022-02-01 138 2527 Alias of B.1.1.529.5.2.1.2, Denmark lineage
BF.31.1 Chile 64.0%, Canada 12.0%, United States of America 12.0%, Austria 3.0%, Australia 2.0% 2022-07-27 99 777 Alias of B.1.1.529.5.2.1.31.1, Chile, S:A701V and S:S247N/S:Y248-