This is a list of active lineages which have been seen in the last year. A complete list of lineages can be found on the Pango designation GitHub and a JSON file containing the equivalent data from this page for the full set of lineages can be downloaded in JSON format here.
| Lineage | Most common countries | Earliest date | # designated | # assigned | Description | WHO Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B | United States of America 40.0%, United Kingdom 15.0%, China 8.0%, Mexico 5.0%, Germany 3.0% | 2019-12-24 | 3999 | 10442 | One of the two original haplotypes of the pandemic(and first to be discovered) | |
| B.1 | United States of America 47.0%, Turkey 11.0%, United Kingdom 7.0%, Canada 4.0%, France 3.0% | 2020-01-01 | 46223 | 115393 | A large European lineage the origin of which roughly corresponds to the Northern Italian outbreak early in 2020. | |
| B.1.1 | United Kingdom 25.0%, United States of America 15.0%, Russia 6.0%, Japan 6.0%, Turkey 5.0% | 2020-01-19 | 22778 | 51767 | European lineage with 3 clear SNPs `28881GA`,`28882GA`,`28883GC` | |
| B.1.1.7 | United Kingdom 23.0%, United States of America 20.0%, Germany 9.0%, Sweden 6.0%, Denmark 6.0% | 2020-01-19 | 69634 | 1118949 | UK lineage of concern, associated with the N501Y mutation. More information can be found at cov-lineages.org/global_report.html | |
| B.1.1.28 | Brazil 83.0%, Philippines 8.0%, United States of America 3.0%, Paraguay 2.0%, Japan 1.0% | 2020-02-10 | 854 | 5631 | Brazil mostly, absorbed B.1.1.94 and B.1.1.143 | |
| P.1 | Brazil 58.0%, United States of America 25.0%, Chile 3.0%, Argentina 1.0%, Spain 1.0% | 2020-04-07 | 29942 | 73647 | Alias of B.1.1.28.1, Brazilian lineage with a number of spike mutations with likely functional significance E484K, K417T, and N501Y. Described in https://virological.org/t/genomic-characterisation-of-an-emergent-sars-cov-2-lineage-in-manaus-preliminary-findings/586, from #77 | |
| B.1.1.142 | United Kingdom 50.0%, Australia 8.0%, Germany 7.0%, United States of America 6.0%, Austria 5.0% | 2020-02-24 | 38 | 249 | Australian lineage | |
| B.1.1.529 | United States of America 34.0%, Germany 13.0%, India 9.0%, Turkey 5.0%, Russia 5.0% | 2020-04-14 | 0 | 7729 | South Africa and Botswana lineage, from #343 | |
| BA.1.1 | United States of America 47.0%, United Kingdom 19.0%, Germany 7.0%, Canada 4.0%, France 2.0% | 2020-01-27 | 104388 | 973022 | Alias of B.1.1.529.1.1, from #360 | |
| BA.2 | United Kingdom 29.0%, Germany 13.0%, Denmark 12.0%, United States of America 11.0%, France 7.0% | 2020-03-28 | 112178 | 1209162 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2, from #361 | |
| BA.2.12.1 | United States of America 81.0%, Canada 5.0%, United Kingdom 2.0%, Germany 1.0%, Mexico 1.0% | 2020-04-15 | 39743 | 276683 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.12.1, USA and Canada lineage, from #499 | |
| BM.4.1.1 | United States of America 24.0%, India 22.0%, United Kingdom 11.0%, Australia 5.0%, Singapore 4.0% | 2022-07-20 | 35 | 928 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.75.3.4.1.1, mainly found in India, defined by S:346T | |
| BN.1.2 | South_Korea 28.0%, Japan 23.0%, United States of America 7.0%, Thailand 6.0%, Denmark 5.0% | 2022-01-24 | 2344 | 9557 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.75.5.1.2, Singapore/England, E:D72G | |
| BN.1.3.5 | South_Korea 48.0%, Japan 19.0%, United States of America 7.0%, Australia 6.0%, Germany 3.0% | 2022-01-02 | 599 | 2101 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.75.5.1.3.5 ORF7b:C41W, found mainly in SouthKorea, Japan and USA, from #1516 | |
| BA.2.86 | South_Africa 34.0%, United States of America 10.0%, Australia 5.0%, Netherlands 5.0%, Germany 4.0% | 2023-03-11 | 28 | 902 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86, from #2183 | |
| BA.2.86.1 | Japan 20.0%, United Kingdom 11.0%, United States of America 9.0%, Denmark 8.0%, France 6.0% | 2023-01-03 | 22 | 9796 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1, ORF1a:K1973R, mostly with C12815T, mainly Europe, from #2236 | |
| JN.1 | United States of America 33.0%, Canada 8.0%, United Kingdom 8.0%, Spain 6.0%, China 4.0% | 2020-01-20 | 3987 | 101500 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1, S:L455S, ORF1a:R3821K, ORF7b:F19L, Europe | |
| JN.1.1 | United States of America 22.0%, France 18.0%, China 7.0%, Canada 6.0%, United Kingdom 5.0% | 2021-07-16 | 692 | 21507 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.1, ORF1a:F499L, C11747T, France, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#987 | |
| JN.1.1.1 | Sweden 29.0%, France 16.0%, United Kingdom 10.0%, United States of America 8.0%, Italy 6.0% | 2023-09-25 | 24 | 581 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.1.1, S:T572I on C9142T branch, France/Sweden/Poland, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1097 | |
| JN.1.1.3 | Japan 23.0%, Sweden 20.0%, United Kingdom 14.0%, France 13.0%, United States of America 8.0% | 2023-11-04 | 68 | 71 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.1.3, S:R346T, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1089 | |
| JN.1.1.5 | United States of America 27.0%, Brazil 26.0%, Japan 9.0%, France 7.0%, Canada 4.0% | 2023-01-29 | 43 | 377 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.1.5, S:R346T on C9142T branch, from #2492 | |
| KR.1 | United States of America 42.0%, Canada 22.0%, South_Korea 7.0%, Japan 6.0%, Australia 5.0% | 2024-01-06 | 10 | 613 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.1.5.1, S:F456L (22928C), after C28498T, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1253 | |
| JN.1.2 | United States of America 47.0%, Canada 37.0%, Greece 4.0%, United Kingdom 3.0%, Sweden 1.0% | 2023-01-03 | 43 | 2408 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.2, S:M1229I, USA/Canada, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1087 | |
| JN.1.3 | United States of America 30.0%, Netherlands 9.0%, Switzerland 7.0%, Canada 6.0%, United Kingdom 5.0% | 2023-03-04 | 23 | 451 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.3, ORF8:Q18*, Netherlands | |
| JN.1.4 | United States of America 44.0%, Canada 8.0%, South_Korea 7.0%, United Kingdom 5.0%, Denmark 5.0% | 2023-02-14 | 129 | 44694 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.4, ORF1a:T170I, Denmark/Singapore, from #2381 | |
| JN.1.4.1 | United States of America 33.0%, Ireland 31.0%, United Kingdom 28.0%, Puerto_Rico 2.0%, Germany 2.0% | 2023-11-27 | 98 | 186 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.4.1, S:E654V, Ireland, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1175 | |
| JN.1.4.2 | United States of America 84.0%, South_Korea 4.0%, Canada 3.0%, Puerto_Rico 2.0%, United Kingdom 1.0% | 2023-11-17 | 387 | 1228 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.4.2, S:N185D, after T18453C, USA, from #2462 | |
| JN.1.4.3 | United States of America 64.0%, Canada 9.0%, United Kingdom 8.0%, China 4.0%, Australia 2.0% | 2023-11-14 | 36 | 396 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.4.3, S:T572I, USA, from #2487 | |
| KQ.1 | United States of America 86.0%, Canada 6.0%, United Kingdom 5.0%, Poland 1.0%, Puerto_Rico 1.0% | 2024-01-04 | 64 | 837 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.4.3.1, S:R346T, USA from #2487 | |
| JN.1.5 | Singapore 26.0%, China 16.0%, Japan 10.0%, South_Korea 10.0%, United States of America 9.0% | 2023-10-30 | 539 | 2928 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.5, ORF1b:V1271T, Singapore/Malaysia/Indonesia, from #2419 | |
| JN.1.6 | United States of America 57.0%, Switzerland 6.0%, France 5.0%, China 5.0%, Canada 4.0% | 2023-10-11 | 141 | 1212 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.6, G22627A | |
| JN.1.6.1 | Sweden 48.0%, United States of America 20.0%, United Kingdom 18.0%, Spain 4.0%, Germany 4.0% | 2023-11-26 | 34 | 273 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.6.1, S:R346T, Sweden, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1089 | |
| JN.1.7 | United States of America 47.0%, United Kingdom 14.0%, Canada 10.0%, Spain 4.0%, Ireland 3.0% | 2022-10-18 | 66 | 8000 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.7, S:T572I, S:E1150D, USA/France, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1097 | |
| JN.1.7.1 | United Kingdom 75.0%, United States of America 9.0%, New_Zealand 3.0%, Portugal 3.0%, Canada 2.0% | 2023-12-31 | 21 | 219 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.7.1, S:R346K, England, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1371 | |
| JN.1.7.2 | United States of America 38.0%, Canada 18.0%, Chile 11.0%, United Kingdom 9.0%, Argentina 5.0% | 2023-12-09 | 110 | 840 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.7.2, ORF1b:C1563F, Americas | |
| JN.1.8 | United States of America 37.0%, United Kingdom 15.0%, Canada 7.0%, Spain 6.0%, France 4.0% | 2023-02-26 | 110 | 1919 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.8, ORF7a:T28I | |
| JN.1.8.1 | United States of America 72.0%, Canada 17.0%, United Kingdom 2.0%, Japan 1.0%, Spain 1.0% | 2023-02-26 | 96 | 3796 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.8.1, S:T572I, after A12928G, USA/Denmark, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1097 | |
| JN.1.9 | United States of America 48.0%, United Kingdom 10.0%, Spain 10.0%, Canada 8.0%, Puerto_Rico 4.0% | 2023-10-03 | 238 | 2742 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.9, S:Q183H, USA/UK/Canada, from #2410 | |
| JN.1.9.1 | United Kingdom 63.0%, Australia 7.0%, New_Zealand 7.0%, Ireland 5.0%, Canada 5.0% | 2023-12-04 | 26 | 349 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.9.1, S:T572I, ORF1a:A3143V, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1097 | |
| JN.1.10 | United States of America 19.0%, Canada 10.0%, Spain 10.0%, Germany 9.0%, United Kingdom 8.0% | 2023-11-07 | 29 | 156 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.10, S:T95I, USA/Canada, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1135 | |
| JN.1.11 | United States of America 31.0%, India 16.0%, Spain 13.0%, Japan 8.0%, Italy 5.0% | 2023-12-07 | 2 | 839 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.11, S:V1104L, G17334T, India, from #2446 | |
| JN.1.11.1 | United States of America 22.0%, Canada 15.0%, United Kingdom 12.0%, Japan 11.0%, Spain 11.0% | 2023-08-11 | 17 | 55807 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.11.1, S:F456L (T22928C), after ORF1a:T2283I, India, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1253 | |
| KP.1 | United States of America 39.0%, Canada 12.0%, New_Zealand 8.0%, United Kingdom 7.0%, Australia 6.0% | 2023-12-30 | 28 | 832 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.11.1.1, S:K1086R, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1364 | |
| KP.1.1 | United States of America 39.0%, Canada 12.0%, Singapore 9.0%, United Kingdom 8.0%, Australia 4.0% | 2024-01-27 | 8 | 9095 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.11.1.1.1, S:R346T, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1089 | |
| KP.2 | United States of America 40.0%, Canada 11.0%, United Kingdom 11.0%, Singapore 9.0%, France 3.0% | 2023-07-05 | 7 | 25088 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.11.1.2, S:R346T on JN.1.11.1 polytomy, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1089 | |
| JN.1.13 | United States of America 38.0%, Sweden 18.0%, Canada 10.0%, United Kingdom 8.0%, Spain 7.0% | 2023-12-10 | 21 | 138 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.13, S:A1087S, after C26894T, C25680T, USA, from #2464 | |
| JN.1.13.1 | United States of America 36.0%, Canada 15.0%, Russia 13.0%, United Kingdom 8.0%, France 5.0% | 2023-12-07 | 241 | 5501 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.13.1, S:R346T, S:F59S, USA, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals/issues/1386 | |
| JN.1.15 | United States of America 29.0%, Spain 13.0%, Ecuador 12.0%, United Kingdom 9.0%, Australia 6.0% | 2023-11-09 | 50 | 638 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.15, S:A688V | |
| JN.1.16 | United States of America 33.0%, Canada 12.0%, China 7.0%, United Kingdom 7.0%, Spain 7.0% | 2023-07-14 | 47 | 25207 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.16, S:F456L (T22928C), from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1253 | |
| JN.1.18 | United States of America 32.0%, United Kingdom 11.0%, Canada 7.0%, France 4.0%, Japan 4.0% | 2023-11-02 | 134 | 5633 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.18, S:R346T, directly on JN.1 polytomy, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1089 | |
| JN.1.19 | United States of America 30.0%, Netherlands 10.0%, United Kingdom 10.0%, Denmark 10.0%, Russia 8.0% | 2023-10-02 | 715 | 1591 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.19, ORF8:I71V | |
| JN.1.20 | South_Korea 44.0%, China 13.0%, United States of America 13.0%, Australia 6.0%, Canada 4.0% | 2023-01-02 | 66 | 1158 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.20, S:S31F, directly on JN.1 polytomy | |
| JN.1.21 | Chile 43.0%, United States of America 23.0%, Austria 4.0%, Switzerland 3.0%, Canada 3.0% | 2023-11-08 | 128 | 510 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.21, S:H1058Y, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1162 | |
| JN.1.22 | Canada 32.0%, United States of America 22.0%, United Kingdom 8.0%, Spain 4.0%, Belgium 4.0% | 2023-10-22 | 1541 | 3090 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.22, ORF1a:S505F, C13019T, from #2465 | |
| JN.1.23 | Brazil 73.0%, United States of America 15.0%, Canada 3.0%, South_Korea 3.0%, Portugal 2.0% | 2024-01-01 | 48 | 262 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.23, S:K444R, S:Y453F, ORF1a:A307V, ORF1a:P2144L, Brazil, from #2488 | |
| JN.1.24 | United States of America 56.0%, United Kingdom 9.0%, Costa_Rica 5.0%, Israel 4.0%, Spain 4.0% | 2023-11-10 | 117 | 184 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.24, S:C1243F, USA | |
| JN.1.25.1 | United Kingdom 31.0%, United States of America 29.0%, India 20.0%, Canada 12.0%, Netherlands 6.0% | 2023-12-17 | 16 | 51 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.25.1, S:R346T, India | |
| JN.2 | Sweden 34.0%, United Kingdom 17.0%, Canada 12.0%, United States of America 8.0%, Japan 5.0% | 2022-10-22 | 111 | 3974 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.2, ORF1a:Y621C, Europe/North America, from #2284 | |
| JN.2.2 | Netherlands 43.0%, Germany 12.0%, Turkey 10.0%, United Kingdom 6.0%, Sweden 5.0% | 2023-10-27 | 41 | 128 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.2.2, S:T572I, N:G25C, ORF1a:L3644F, Netherlands, from #2433 | |
| JN.2.5 | Canada 82.0%, Brazil 7.0%, United States of America 6.0%, United Kingdom 1.0%, Lithuania 1.0% | 2023-10-30 | 85 | 780 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.2.5, S:L455S, Canada, USA, Lithuania, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1173 | |
| JN.3.2.1 | Germany 51.0%, United States of America 9.0%, Switzerland 9.0%, Luxembourg 7.0%, United Kingdom 5.0% | 2023-11-07 | 24 | 55 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.3.2.1, S:F456V, N:S327L, Germany, from #2445 | |
| JN.6 | United Kingdom 47.0%, United States of America 9.0%, Lithuania 8.0%, Denmark 7.0%, Finland 4.0% | 2023-09-12 | 36 | 720 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.6, S:V193L | |
| JN.7 | Denmark 68.0%, Slovakia 14.0%, Germany 7.0%, Austria 2.0%, Japan 2.0% | 2023-08-14 | 22 | 164 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.7, S:G594S, Denmark, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#856 | |
| JN.11 | Japan 33.0%, Denmark 18.0%, United States of America 13.0%, South_Korea 8.0%, Singapore 6.0% | 2023-04-12 | 78 | 381 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.1.11, S:V1104L, Asia, from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals#1303 | |
| BA.2.86.2 | South_Africa 34.0%, United Kingdom 24.0%, Mauritius 9.0%, Australia 7.0%, United States of America 6.0% | 2023-07-24 | 26 | 386 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.2, ORF7a:E22D, South Africa/Botswana，from sars-cov-2-variants/lineage-proposals/issues/756 | |
| JQ.2 | South_Africa 56.0%, Canada 14.0%, United Kingdom 14.0%, United States of America 7.0%, Netherlands 3.0% | 2023-09-28 | 5 | 95 | Alias of B.1.1.529.2.86.3.2, S:R346T, G2944A, South Africa, from #2505 | |
| BA.4.6 | United States of America 60.0%, Canada 7.0%, United Kingdom 6.0%, France 3.0%, Denmark 3.0% | 2020-02-02 | 1179 | 53197 | Alias of B.1.1.529.4.6, mainly found in USA, England and Denmark, from #741 | |
| BA.5 | United States of America 34.0%, Germany 10.0%, United Kingdom 8.0%, France 8.0%, Denmark 4.0% | 2020-07-01 | 2461 | 32783 | Alias of B.1.1.529.5, from #517 | |
| BA.5.1.5 | United States of America 19.0%, United Kingdom 12.0%, Japan 11.0%, Germany 10.0%, France 6.0% | 2022-04-26 | 180 | 9957 | Alias of B.1.1.529.5.1.5, mainly found in UK, Denmark, and Belgium, from #835 | |
| BA.5.1.14 | Brazil 88.0%, Chile 5.0%, Spain 2.0%, Peru 2.0%, Italy 2.0% | 2022-05-13 | 29 | 43 | Alias of B.1.1.529.5.1.14, mainly found in Brazil | |
| BA.5.2 | Japan 18.0%, United States of America 17.0%, Germany 7.0%, United Kingdom 6.0%, Russia 5.0% | 2020-07-02 | 10665 | 279169 | Alias of B.1.1.529.5.2, mainly found in South Africa, England and USA, from #551 | |
| BF.2 | Japan 21.0%, France 18.0%, Denmark 16.0%, United Kingdom 8.0%, United States of America 7.0% | 2022-02-01 | 138 | 2527 | Alias of B.1.1.529.5.2.1.2, Denmark lineage | |
| BF.31.1 | Chile 64.0%, Canada 12.0%, United States of America 12.0%, Austria 3.0%, Australia 2.0% | 2022-07-27 | 99 | 777 | Alias of B.1.1.529.5.2.1.31.1, Chile, S:A701V and S:S247N/S:Y248- |