B.1.617.2 2024-04-26



Description

A lineage circulating with variants of biological significance S:P681R and S:L452R, first detected in India and international cases with travel history from India. Designated through GitHub issues https://github.com/cov-lineages/pango-designation/issues/38 and https://github.com/cov-lineages/pango-designation/issues/49
This webpage is generated using publically available sequence data from GISAID, shared by international sequencing efforts.

Table 1 | Summary of B.1.617.2 data

Statistic Information
Countries with sequences 184
Sequence count 278309
Countries India 61586, Turkey 43803, United States of America 39465, Germany 19791, United Kingdom 18218, France 11633, Denmark 10665, Netherlands 4607, Italy 4408, Sweden 4356, Belgium 4148, Canada 3452, Spain 3040, Switzerland 3035, Poland 2818, Croatia 2784, United Arab Emirates 2606, Slovenia 2158, Bulgaria 2153, Bangladesh 2092, Israel 1742, Philippines 1632, Nepal 1569, Czech Republic 1394, Norway 1118, Singapore 1086, Bahrain 1083, Russia 1075, Latvia 1007, Pakistan 982, Portugal 941, Slovakia 915, Qatar 908, Luxembourg 906, Finland 792, Ireland 762, Japan 727, South Africa 712, China 628, Indonesia 494, South Korea 483, Austria 432, Romania 395, Mexico 372, Thailand 360, Reunion 358, Australia 355, Malawi 315, Malaysia 294, Kenya 289, Mongolia 279, Iceland 275, Greece 267, Lithuania 262, Ghana 234, Lebanon 223, Iraq 214, Egypt 212, Cameroon 202, Brazil 184, Maldives 177, Sri Lanka 175, Chile 145, Sudan 141, Hong Kong 139, Georgia 133, Ethiopia 132, Kuwait 130, Puerto Rico 129, Aruba 126, Iran 124, Jordan 118, Estonia 113, Guadeloupe 112, Botswana 107, Cyprus 102, Gambia 99, Togo 99, Kyrgyzstan 98, Nigeria 96, Panama 87, Senegal 83, Mauritius 81, Democratic Republic of the Congo 81, Bosnia and Herzegovina 80, Algeria 78, Rwanda 76, Belize 76, Oman 74, Peru 74, Kazakhstan 73, Benin 71, Canary Islands 70, Cambodia 69, Argentina 68, Cote d'Ivoire 68, Morocco 67, Colombia 58, Zimbabwe 56, Guinea 56, Montenegro 51, French Guiana 47, Mozambique 46, Uganda 45, New Zealand 43, Angola 41, Ukraine 38, Sierra Leone 37, Sint Maarten 34, Seychelles 34, Kosovo 30, Burkina Faso 30, Bhutan 30, Uzbekistan 29, Zambia 28, Myanmar 26, Ecuador 26, Burundi 26, Paraguay 21, Republic of Serbia 20, Afghanistan 18, Martinique 18, Vietnam 16, Guyana 16, Malta 15, Gibraltar 14, Saudi Arabia 14, Republic of the Congo 13, Syria 12, Curaçao 11, Jamaica 11, Chad 10, U.S. Virgin Islands 10, Taiwan 9, Tunisia 9, Laos 8, Costa Rica 8, Eswatini 8, Papua New Guinea 8, Crimea 7, Northern Mariana Islands 7, Niger 7, North Macedonia 7, Grenada 7, Venezuela 7, Guatemala 7, Djibouti 6, Antigua and Barbuda 6, South Sudan 6, Cayman Islands 6, Cabo Verde 6, Liberia 5, Azerbaijan 5, Brunei 4, Dominican Republic 4, Bonaire 4, Hungary 4, Albania 4, Liechtenstein 4, Belarus 4, Sao Tome and Principe 4, Armenia 3, Uruguay 3, Turks and Caicos Islands 3, Barbados 3, Gabon 3, The Bahamas 3, Fiji 2, Lesotho 2, Montserrat 2, Mauritania 2, Madagascar 2, Moldova 2, Tanzania 1, Central African Republic 1, East Timor 1, Trinidad and Tobago 1, Comoros 1, Namibia 1, British Virgin Islands 1, Guam 1, Monaco 1, Mayotte 1, Suriname 1
First detected India
Earliest sample date 2021-03-01
Defining SNPs S:T19R
S:L452R
S:T478K
S:P681R
S:D950N
ORF3a:S26L
M:I82T
ORF7a:V82A
ORF7a:T120I
N:D63G
N:R203M
N:D377Y

Figure 1 | Cumulative sequence count over time B.1.617.2

Bars show the number of new sequences on GISAID over time, binned by epi-week. The line shows the cumulative number of sequences over time.


Figure 2 | Date of earliest_B.1.617.2 detected

Schematic map showing the date of the first sequence sample date in each country containing the lineage. Darker countries have earlier first sample dates.


Figure 3 | Map of B.1.617.2 sequence counts

Map showing the logged number of sequences of the variant in each country. Countries with more sequences are shown in darker colours.


Figure 4 | Sequence count per country B.1.617.2

The number of sequences of the lineage recorded in each country. The height of the bar is the logged number and the numbers above the bar are the raw counts.


Figure 5 | Frequency B.1.617.2 in sequences produced since first new variant reported per country

The overall frequency of the lineage, defined as the number of sequences assigned the lineage divided by the total number of sequences from that country in the time since the variant was first sequenced in that country.


Figure 6 | B.1.617.2 count per continent

Seven day rolling average of sequence counts per continent. Please note that recent declines may be due to delay in reporting rather than reflecting a change in the underlying virus population.


Figure 7 | Rolling average B.1.617.2 frequency per continent

Seven day rolling average of frequency of sequences of the lineage of interest. Frequency is calculated by dividing the number of sequences of the lineage of interest by the total sequences for each continent for each day.



Table 3 | Raw data for figures




Country Earliest sequence Number of variant sequences Total sequences since first variant sequence
France 2021-03-17 151398 532547
Canada 2021-03-06 105109 520010
United Kingdom 2021-03-09 1101958 2613152
Norway 2021-04-15 22933 66946
Turkey 2021-03-09 59904 98125
Malta 2021-05-19 400 566
United States Of America 2021-03-03 1434017 4293499
Denmark 2021-03-29 161462 580018
Israel 2021-04-08 18291 113333
Montenegro 2021-06-18 437 1050
Germany 2021-03-09 215277 890556
Taiwan 2021-03-22 43 4928
Poland 2021-04-22 29148 81291
Nepal 2021-04-12 1850 2943
Czech Republic 2021-03-03 18447 55717
Italy 2021-03-16 47944 162857
Australia 2021-03-18 30444 187857
Colombia 2021-03-11 3833 17895
Gibraltar 2021-06-03 1740 1872
Spain 2021-03-08 54600 223462
Portugal 2021-04-18 14590 40622
Belgium 2021-04-06 48058 158440
Romania 2021-03-28 6048 18875
Slovakia 2021-03-09 13952 45601
Luxembourg 2021-04-01 9016 48755
Malaysia 2021-03-09 7315 39400
Botswana 2021-05-09 1005 2703
Bosnia And Herzegovina 2021-06-08 1079 1353
Thailand 2021-03-06 8148 35280
Japan 2021-03-28 96893 616263
Brazil 2021-04-06 46256 211989
India 2021-03-01 77524 185680
Greece 2021-03-23 4954 35023
New Zealand 2021-03-15 4797 42442
Finland 2021-04-17 13316 41359
Argentina 2021-04-24 4041 17547
Slovenia 2021-03-01 27712 74444
Puerto Rico 2021-06-03 3740 16983
Costa Rica 2021-06-13 1282 11671
Ghana 2021-03-05 889 2778
Russia 2021-03-01 18864 70773
Netherlands 2021-03-07 44926 154447
Indonesia 2021-03-09 8311 47592
Dominican Republic 2021-03-11 620 2961
Croatia 2021-04-25 13866 40972
Sweden 2021-04-01 57776 215137
Lithuania 2021-05-26 14796 28836
Bangladesh 2021-04-23 2899 5176
Republic Of Congo 2021-03-12 92 316
Ukraine 2021-06-17 448 4648
Jordan 2021-04-26 499 766
South Africa 2021-03-17 11175 38470
Zimbabwe 2021-06-23 135 386
Switzerland 2021-04-07 56697 124744
Republic Of Serbia 2021-06-26 180 1830
Chile 2021-06-13 8669 41527
Austria 2021-04-17 6158 67304
Djibouti 2021-06-30 64 695
Bulgaria 2021-04-05 10279 19175
Ireland 2021-04-03 26697 92673
Moldova 2021-06-17 167 829
Estonia 2021-06-10 4233 10589
Guam 2021-04-26 279 878
Philippines 2021-04-13 3308 21040
Liechtenstein 2021-06-18 383 1054
Hong Kong 2021-03-25 757 14361
Singapore 2021-04-01 8746 45231
China 2021-04-21 1397 72933
Cameroon 2021-04-01 328 1411
Uganda 2021-04-20 452 1095
Jamaica 2021-04-11 391 3818
Barbados 2021-04-25 12 252
Kenya 2021-03-15 2205 7117
Latvia 2021-03-25 5528 23599
South Korea 2021-04-19 17153 149959
Democratic Republic Of The Congo 2021-03-03 268 543
Cyprus 2021-04-25 1563 6168
Mexico 2021-03-02 25428 85093
Reunion 2021-05-04 5612 19353
Peru 2021-05-15 7112 50645
Ivory Coast 2021-03-01 86 600
Nigeria 2021-04-10 2085 4115
Sri Lanka 2021-03-11 1445 2731
Vietnam 2021-04-20 2594 8255
Ethiopia 2021-03-15 368 587
Mongolia 2021-03-08 435 2403
Curaçao 2021-06-28 599 1901
Senegal 2021-04-02 617 1875
Trinidad And Tobago 2021-08-03 413 2477
Fiji 2021-04-14 469 470
Gambia 2021-04-08 307 483
Iran 2021-04-18 256 2129
Solomon Islands 2022-01-26 77 307
Pakistan 2021-04-08 1751 5186
Brunei 2021-07-21 603 7011
Bahrain 2021-04-05 3537 10810
Morocco 2021-04-22 222 1587
Ecuador 2021-06-22 1196 8383
Egypt 2021-06-22 287 2504
Cambodia 2021-05-25 1209 3646
Syria 2021-12-01 32 109
Guadeloupe 2021-05-25 1398 2122
Uzbekistan 2021-06-25 51 92
Zambia 2021-03-26 335 729
Papua New Guinea 2021-07-07 1498 2289
Georgia 2021-05-11 766 3249
Chad 2021-07-05 47 59
Qatar 2021-04-17 1687 3626
Belize 2021-03-07 259 995
Aruba 2021-04-10 1856 3486
Panama 2021-04-29 895 5266
Belarus 2021-05-24 232 275
Kosovo 2021-04-30 914 1714
Malawi 2021-03-17 384 633
Mozambique 2021-03-15 522 1018
Paraguay 2021-03-01 421 3017
Nicaragua 2021-06-23 156 426
Iraq 2021-03-01 503 849
Togo 2021-04-12 337 654
Venezuela 2021-07-07 176 853
Angola 2021-04-18 232 451
Bolivia 2021-06-14 49 257
Liberia 2021-03-09 56 89
North Macedonia 2021-06-14 122 554
Mayotte 2021-07-28 146 511
Tunisia 2021-04-05 708 2123
Algeria 2021-05-10 80 655
Rwanda 2021-03-22 214 358
Guatemala 2021-04-24 698 4945
Saudi Arabia 2021-05-12 22 695
Saint-Martin 2021-11-24 27 328
Oman 2021-03-05 111 871
Kuwait 2021-05-24 144 911
Niger 2021-07-01 10 43
Eswatini 2021-06-08 272 862
Benin 2021-05-27 176 676
Andorra 2021-07-08 51 189
Guinea 2021-05-17 119 478
Iceland 2021-05-07 5674 17265
British Virgin Islands 2021-07-27 31 86
Gabon 2021-07-06 109 122
Myanmar 2021-05-28 40 184
Hungary 2021-05-27 86 697
Kazakhstan 2021-07-25 721 2935
United Arab Emirates 2021-05-28 3878 4620
South Sudan 2021-04-27 83 117
Laos 2021-07-27 1169 2139
El Salvador 2021-08-02 79 677
Suriname 2021-07-12 266 499
Kyrgyzstan 2021-06-08 134 186
Burkina Faso 2021-03-18 61 112
Saint Lucia 2021-07-14 11 222
Sudan 2021-03-01 156 428
Lebanon 2021-06-07 639 1155
Cayman Islands 2021-07-19 37 316
Uruguay 2021-09-03 68 349
Afghanistan 2021-04-26 18 63
Lesotho 2021-04-30 41 129
Azerbaijan 2021-07-14 33 53
The Bahamas 2021-05-17 141 285
Honduras 2021-07-30 64 286
Mali 2021-04-08 6 76
Central African Republic 2021-11-25 5 82
Sierra Leone 2021-05-07 39 43
Armenia 2021-06-17 39 45
Albania 2021-06-16 589 1589
Namibia 2021-03-08 79 641
Guyana 2021-09-06 48 124
Haiti 2021-10-21 12 399
Tanzania 2021-05-03 1 3
East Timor 2021-03-08 23 271
Equatorial Guinea 2021-07-17 12 15
Mauritania 2021-03-16 20 49
Burundi 2021-05-27 57 72
Somalia 2021-08-31 2 10
Libya 2021-12-29 3 25
Bhutan 2021-04-12 31 132
Vanuatu 2021-10-24 2 95
Madagascar 2021-09-27 29 86

Data source and processing

The data on this page is recent as of 2024-04-26, 14:58 GMT. All SARS-CoV-2 sequences were downloaded from GISAID and genomes were de-duplicated based on GISAID sequence name – note that the publically available metadata may not fully allow us to de-duplicate by patient. Full data processing pipeline found here. The sequences were then assigned lineages with pangolin 4.2, pangoLEARN version 2022-07-09.

Pangolin assigns B.1.617.2 to sequences with at least 5 of the 15 defining B.1.617.2 SNPs – defined here.

Caveat: Most locations outside the original focus have not reported sustained transmission and many cases have known travel links to the focal location. Increasing numbers of international cases is currently likely due to increased surveillance and vigilance.

Acknowledgements

Created by: Áine O'Toole and Verity Hill, Rambaut Group, University of Edinburgh. Flight volume data from Kamran Khan, Isaac Bogoch, Alexander Watts, Oliver Pybus, Moritz Kraemer. Sequences sourced from GISAID, full acknowledgements table here.

We have a publication in Wellcome Open Research here describing this web tracker.